The case CAS OG 16/009 involved the Russian Weightlifting Federation (RWF) challenging the International Weightlifting Federation's (IWF) decision to ban Russian weightlifters from the 2016 Rio Olympics due to widespread doping allegations. The IWF's decision, made on 29 July 2016, was based on evidence from the McLaren Report, which detailed a state-sponsored doping program in Russia, and retesting results from previous Olympics that revealed multiple violations. The IWF invoked Article 12.4 of its Anti-Doping Policy, allowing sanctions against federations for conduct linked to doping, even without confirmed individual violations. The RWF appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), arguing the ban lacked legal basis and was disproportionate. The CAS panel, composed of Prof. Ulrich Haas, Carol Roberts, and Annabelle Bennett, upheld the IWF's decision, ruling that Article 12.4 provided sufficient grounds for collective sanctions in cases of systemic doping. The panel emphasized the severity of the doping scandal, noting the involvement of Russian weightlifters in a scheme to conceal positive tests, which severely damaged the sport's integrity. The RWF also claimed the ban violated equal treatment, as other federations had doping cases, but the panel distinguished Russia's centrally managed program as uniquely egregious. The CAS ultimately dismissed the RWF's appeal, reinforcing the IWF's authority to impose broad sanctions to protect the sport's reputation. The ruling highlighted the balance between collective responsibility and individual fairness in anti-doping enforcement, concluding that the IWF's decision was legally justified and necessary to uphold the integrity of weightlifting.