The case revolves around a doping violation involving professional swimmer Federico Turrini, who tested positive for 19-norandrosterone during the 2007 Military World Games. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) appealed a decision by the International Military Sports Council (CISM), which had imposed only disqualification of Turrini's results without further sanctions. The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) addressed both procedural and substantive issues in its ruling. Procedurally, the panel clarified that the appeal deadline should be counted from the date of notification, not the decision date, ensuring fairness. On the merits, the panel confirmed that the presence of 19-norandrosterone above the threshold constituted a doping violation. Turrini argued the substance entered his system unintentionally through prescribed eye drops (Keratyl) for a corneal inflammation, claiming no knowledge of the prohibited substance. The panel rejected this defense, emphasizing athletes' strict liability to ensure no prohibited substances enter their bodies, regardless of intent or medical advice. The panel upheld the standard two-year suspension for a first-time offense but adjusted the ineligibility period to account for the provisional suspension and procedural delays. The case highlights the strict liability principle in anti-doping regulations and underscores athletes' responsibility to verify medications. The CAS upheld WADA's appeal, imposing a two-year suspension and disqualifying Turrini's results from October 19, 2007, onward, including forfeiture of medals and prizes. The decision reinforces the importance of procedural fairness and due diligence in anti-doping enforcement.